Physiology is a core medical and biological science that explores the normal functions of living organisms, particularly the human body. It explains how cells communicate, how organs perform their specific roles, and how different body systems—such as nervous, cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, and endocrine systems—interact to maintain homeostasis.

The subject covers processes like muscle contraction, nerve impulse transmission, blood circulation, respiration, digestion, metabolism, and hormonal regulation. By understanding physiology, students gain a foundation for recognizing how diseases disrupt normal functions and how medical treatments help restore balance. Physiology is essential for careers in medicine, nursing, pharmacy, physiotherapy, and all health-related sciences.